The comunne of Bughea de Sus

Bughea de Sus is documentary certified at 5^th March 1549, through a document given by MIRCEA CIOBANUL in which he gives to BADEA COMIS and his brother VLAICU, a cup-bearer, a property in Bughea de Sus village.

Bughea de Sus region was a suburb of Campulung till 1926, year in which Bughea became commune. In 1928 Bughea de Sus commune got separated into Bughea de Sus and Bughea de Jos communes.

In 1968, with a new administrative territorial organization, Bughea de Sus and Albestii de Muscel communes were united, having as residence Bughea de Sus village and the name of the commune was Albestii de Muscel.

Through the 84/2004 law the Bughea de Sus commune is re-established being separated from Albestii de Muscel commune.

Untill 1918, the Arges county was a border county. The local administration had the duty to keep the border safe. The mountain counties were divided in administrative subdivisions named in the mountains regions “plaiuri”, realms and in the field region “plasi”. “Plaiurile” were ruled by “vatafi de plai” and “plasile” by “zapacii” , a kind of heads of a district.

In Muscel county were ten  paths on which you could come or go to Transilvania , the tenth path was Albesti village, through Voievoda and Paltin Mountain , it was getting in the Bold Mountain , from the same village and from there , on West met another path that was getting through Bratieni estate of Vieros Monastery and was heading North through Voievoda Mountain of the Campulung people and united with the realm of Portareasa Mountain , far North through Portareasa , Iezerul Mic , Iezerul Mare in Transilvania.

Bughea de Sus  is situated along Bughea de Sus river, cut from east to west , in the center by Valea Silistii stream that falls into Bughea river.

The commune is situated at 600 m altitude, having a subalpine climate, at the foot of Fagaras Mountains, that were the border line with Transilvania ,the access way to Stalin town , a way known from the time of the migratory people invasion. Here there were trade change, commercials between Campulung, a fortified town and Brasov fortress. The borders were protected and their duty was keep it safe from thieves and bad people from Transilvania, or from those merchants that would not pay the custom.

Bughea de Sus commune is situated at  24^, 57’ Eastern longitude și 45^, 17’ Northern latitude, having a subalpine climate characterized by small variations of temperature from day to night , weak insolation without streams because of the thick forests from the mountains and hills.

The climate is temperate, influenced by the relief forms, the hills, the mountain with rather low temperatures than the national average, suitable to the seasons with moderate temperatures h, having an annual average of 8-9 degrees Celsius and without rough winds. The highest temperatures are in June -August and the lower in January- February. The rain from this area is determined by the hills area, with annual average values of 500-600 mm.

The most rainy days are in April-May and in July, August, September and February are less rainy days. The winds are determined by the development of different baric systems which pass through the region and by the activity of the main action centers ( azoric, mediterranean). The biggest frequency is of the North-West wind, the position of the high hills producing airstreams deviations which are directed to foot of the rivers Bratia, Bratioara and Raul Targului.

The hydrographic basin of the rivers Bratia, Bratioara and Valea Silistii is part of the Arges basin and it flows 40 km. Bughea de Sus is situated on the waterside and along Bughea river, cut from the East to West in the middle by Valea Silistii stream that flows into Bughea stream.

The Bughea water springs from the Valleys Zanoaga, Dragosul, Valea Ursului and Stramba, from the foot of the Bold with Portareasa mountain, from where Bratia springs are part from the Ezer Mountain where we can find an icy lake having the same name.

The soil is part of the mountain brownish and brownish acid soil.  On this soil it develops beech forests and coniferous forests, the pastures and the hay-fields as well as cultures. The substrata are represented by calcareous and crystalline structures. The sand and the stone from the rivers, Bratia and Bratioara are used in construction. In the last research it was discovered a big lode of “red granite “ in “Aldea” point that will be developed.

The postbelic architecture highlights the use of rock in house building and decoration, it points out the local occupation, the exploration of the limestone, the stone sculpture representing the traditional art that highlighted the commune at the national level.

On Bughea de Sus , like on most of the Carpathian counties , the forest constituted the base of economic activities. Symbol of eternity, wood is all over present .

Bughea de Sus preserved the traditional activities, as sculpture carving in stone, the wood exploration and processing and raising animals,the customs and traditions as “Focul lui Sumedru”,  when people gather around a big fire and share produces. In past, this was the moment when shepherds returned from the mountains and the tradition was to be protected by the fire from bad things.

The pastures and hay-fields took the place of forests. The pastures carpet is formed by many species like the hair grass, the white clover, the Carthusian pink , the sedge etc. In the forest and in the glade there are the field mushroom, edible boletus, mill race mushroom, honey agaric beech tree mushroom and purple mushrooms.

The hills from around the commune , as : Magura, Coasta Inalta and Gresia are covered by fir forests, oak forests, birch forests, beech forests and poplar forest and on the mountain ribs , at about 7-8 km from the commune are the great fir trees where only the knee pine can resist the changing weather and rough winds.

The pitoresque setting is very useful for a rich and varied fauna that lives in the forests, astures and hay-fields and the whirling waters. In the fast waters live the trout, the pop, the brusture that represents a big temptation for the fishermen.

The possibilities of hunting but most of all of the fishing are a great opportunity for tourism , an invitation for relaxing and resting and sport.

The fauna is rich and varied because of the natural frame. We can find in this region the following animal species: the fox, the wolf, the lynx, the marten, the polecat, the wild cat, the common marten, the badger, the deer, the wild boar etc.

From the birds we can mention: the blackbird, the sparrow, the titmouse, the jay, the magpie, the wood-pecker, the raven, the cuckoo, the hoopoe, the swallow, the thistlefinch, the partridge etc.

Also in Bughea de Sus commune we can find different species of predatory birds such as the sparrow-hawk of hens, harrier, the falcon of swallows, the owl, the eagle owl.

The fauna joins in the beech and leafy zone mixed with the coniferous trees. As a result of the population of the region the zone had been continuously desforested, the wood exploration and processing being a main population activity.